This second module in the series outlines the indications for and goals of PAP therapy and reviews the CPAP and BPAP titration guidelines for adult and pediatric patients. Also covered is the importance of patient education regarding symptoms and health effects of sleep-disordered breathing, the therapy itself, and long-term management. This module concludes by addressing the rationale and methods for switching to bi-level therapy and titration protocols, based on when and how the switch occurs, along with a reminder of the importance of knowledge of physiology and disease in the titration process.